TheTrocar applies a single-anonymized peer review process to all peer-reviewed content.

All submissions undergo an initial evaluation by the editorial office to assess suitability for the journal’s scope, ethical standards, and basic methodological quality. Manuscripts may be rejected at this stage without external review.

Manuscripts deemed suitable are reviewed by at least two independent expert reviewers.

• Reviewer identities are not disclosed to authors.
• Reviewers are selected based on subject expertise, scientific experience, and absence of conflicts of interest.
• Reviewers assess originality, scientific validity, methodological rigor, ethical compliance, and clarity.

Final decisions (accept, revise, reject) are made by the editors based on reviewer reports and editorial judgment. Responsibility for editorial decisions rests solely with the editors.

Editors do not handle manuscripts when they:

• are an author or co-author;
• have a personal, professional, or financial conflict of interest;
• are closely associated with the authors.

Such manuscripts are handled independently by another editor.

Authors may submit one formal appeal against an editorial decision. Appeals are evaluated by a senior editor not involved in the original decision. Appeal decisions are final.

All submitted manuscripts are treated as confidential documents throughout the review process.

TheTrocar is committed to maintaining the highest standards of publication ethics and research integrity.

Manuscripts reporting research involving humans or animals must include a statement confirming approval by an appropriate ethics committee and compliance with applicable regulations. Informed consent must be obtained where required.

The journal does not tolerate:

• plagiarism
• duplicate or redundant publication
• data fabrication or falsification
• inappropriate image manipulation

Allegations of misconduct are investigated by the editors and may result in rejection, retraction, or notification of relevant institutions.

Authorship should reflect substantial intellectual contribution to the work. All authors must approve the final manuscript and agree to its submission.

All authors, reviewers, and editors must disclose any financial or non-financial relationships that could influence the work.

Authors must declare conflicts of interest in their manuscripts.

Reviewers must decline review if a conflict exists.

Editors recuse themselves from handling conflicted submissions.

Disclosed conflicts are evaluated by the editors and published where relevant.

TheTrocar follows established best practices to maintain the integrity of the scholarly record.

Corrections are issued for honest errors that do not invalidate the findings.

Retractions are issued when results are unreliable due to misconduct or major error.

Expressions of Concern may be published while investigations are ongoing.

All notices are clearly linked to the original article.

Personal data are handled in accordance with applicable data protection regulations. Editorial processes ensure confidentiality of authors, reviewers, and unpublished material.

Editorial decisions are based solely on scientific merit, relevance, and ethical standards. Commercial, institutional, or personal interests do not influence editorial decisions.

Last updated: 28.12.2025